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str_rot13> <str_repeat
Last updated: Fri, 30 Oct 2009

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str_replace

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

str_replace — Ersetzt alle Vorkommen des Suchstrings durch einen anderen String

Beschreibung

mixed str_replace ( mixed $search , mixed $replace , mixed $subject [, int &$count ] )

Diese Funktion gibt einen String oder ein Array zurück, in dem alle Vorkommen von search innerhalb von subject durch den angegebenen replace -Wert ersetzt wurden.

Wenn Sie keine ausgefallenen Ersetzungsregeln (wie Reguläre Ausdrücke) benötigen, sollten Sie immer diese Funktion anstelle von ereg_replace() oder preg_replace() verwenden.

Parameter-Liste

Sind search und replace Arrays, nimmt str_replace() je einen Wert beider Arrays und verwendet diese zum Suchen und Ersetzen in subject . Hat replace weniger Werte als search , so wird ein leerer String zum Ersetzen für den Rest der Werte verwendet. Ist search ein Array und replace ein String, dann wird dieser String für jeden Wert von search angewandt. Das Gegenteil ist nicht sinnvoll.

Sind search und/oder replace Arrays, werden ihre Elemente vom ersten zum letzten hin verarbeitet.

search

replace

subject

Ist subject ein Array, erfolgt das Suchen und Ersetzen für jeder Wert von subject , und der Rückgabewert ist ebenfalls ein Array.

count

Hinweis: Sofern angegeben, enthält der Parameter die Anzahl der gefunden und ersetzten Textstellen.

Rückgabewerte

Diese Funktion gibt eine Zeichenkette oder ein Array mit ersetzten Werten zurück.

Changelog

Version Beschreibung
5.0.0 Der Parameter count wurde hinzugefügt.
4.3.3 Das Verhalten der Funktion wurde verändert. Ältere Versionen enthalten einen Bug, der bei der Verwendung von Arrays für search und replace dazu führt, dass leere search -Indexe übersprungen werden, ohne dabei den internen Zeiger innerhalb des replace -Arrays ebenfalls weiter zu bewegen. Dies wurde in PHP 4.3.3 korrigiert. Alle Skripte, die sich auf diesen Bug verlassen, sollten leere Suchwerte entfernen, bevor diese Funktion aufgerufen wird, um die ursprüngliche Verhalten zu imitieren.
4.0.5 Die meisten Parameter können vom Typ array sein.

Beispiele

Beispiel #1 str_replace()-Beispiele

<?php
// Liefert: <body text='schwarz'>
$bodytag = str_replace("%body%", "schwarz", "<body text='%body%'>");

// Liefert: Hll PHP-Wlt
$vokale = array("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "A", "E", "I", "O", "U");
$onlyconsonants = str_replace($vokale, "", "Hallo PHP-Welt");

// Liefert: Sie sollten taeglich Pizza, Bier und Eiscreme essen.
$phrase = "Sie sollten taeglich Fruechte, Gemuese und Ballaststoffe essen.";
$gesund = array("Fruechte", "Gemuese", "Ballaststoffe");
$lecker = array("Pizza", "Bier", "Eiscreme");

$newphrase = str_replace($gesund, $lecker, $phrase);

// Die Verwendung des count-Parameters ist ab PHP 5.0.0 möglich
$str = str_replace("ll", "", "good golly miss molly!", $count);
echo $count; // 2

// Reihenfolge von Ersetzungen
$str     = "Zeile 1\nZeile 2\rZeile 3\r\nZeile 4\n";
$order   = array("\r\n", "\n", "\r");
$replace = '<br />';
// Verarbeitet \r\n's zuerst, so dass sie nicht doppelt konvertiert werden
$newstr = str_replace($order, $replace, $str);

// Ausgabe: apearpearle pear
$letters = array('a', 'p');
$fruit   = array('apple', 'pear');
$text    = 'a p';
$output  = str_replace($letters, $fruit, $text);
echo $output;
?>

Anmerkungen

Hinweis: Diese Funktion ist binary safe.

Hinweis: Die Funktion berücksichtigt Groß- und Kleinschreibung. Verwenden Sie str_ireplace(), wenn Sie beim Ersetzen unabhängig von der Groß- und Kleinschreibung sein wollen.

Siehe auch



str_rot13> <str_repeat
Last updated: Fri, 30 Oct 2009
 
add a note add a note User Contributed Notes
str_replace
Chris
01-Nov-2009 05:22
Compress a string's internal spaces:
<?php
$str = ' This is    a    test   ';
$count = 1;
while($count)
    $str = str_replace('  ', ' ', $str, $count);
?>
Decko
15-Oct-2009 10:41
As mentioned earlier you should take the order into account when substituting multiple values.

However it is worth noticing that str_replace doesn't seem to re-read the string when doing single replacements. Take the following example.

<?php
  $s = '/a/a/';
  $s = str_replace('/a/', '/', $s);
?>

You would expect the following.

First replacement '/a/a/' -> '/a/'
Second replacement '/a/'->'/'

This is not the case, the actual result will be '/a/'.

To fix this, you will have to put str_replace in a while-loop.

<?php
  $s = '/a/a/';
  while(strpos($s, '/a/') !== false)
    $s = str_replace('/a/', '/', $s); //eventually $s will == '/'
?>
Alberto Lepe
16-Jun-2009 04:44
Be careful when replacing characters (or repeated patterns in the FROM and TO arrays):

For example:

<?php
$arrFrom = array("1","2","3","B");
$arrTo = array("A","B","C","D");
$word = "ZBB2";
echo str_replace($arrFrom, $arrTo, $word);
?>

I would expect as result: "ZDDB"
However, this return: "ZDDD"
(Because B = D according to our array)

To make this work, use "strtr" instead:

<?php
$arr = array("1" => "A","2" => "B","3" => "C","B" => "D");
$word = "ZBB2";
echo strtr($word,$arr);
?>

This returns: "ZDDB"
moz667 at gmail dot com
21-May-2009 06:49
<?php
/*
This is a function for made recursive str_replaces in an array
*/
function recursive_array_replace($find, $replace, &$data) {
    if (is_array($data)) {
        foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
            if (is_array($value)) {
                recursive_array_replace($find, $replace, $data[$key]);
            } else {
                $data[$key] = str_replace($find, $replace, $value);
            }
        }
    } else {
        $data = str_replace($find, $replace, $data);
    }
}

$a = array();
$a['a'] = "a";
$a['b']['a'] = "ba";
$a['b']['b'] = "bb";
$a['c'] = "c";
$a['d']['a'] = "da";
$a['d']['b'] = "db";
$a['d']['c'] = "dc";
$a['d']['d'] = "dd";

echo "Before Replaces";
print_r($a);

recursive_array_replace("a", "XXXX", $a);

echo "After Replaces";
print_r($a);
?>
michael dot moussa at gmail dot com
29-Jan-2009 03:38
As previous commentators mentioned, when $search contains values that occur earlier in $replace, str_replace will factor those previous replacements into the process rather than operating solely on the original string.  This may produce unexpected output.

Example:

<?php
$search = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
$replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
$subject = 'ABCDE';

echo str_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: 'FFFFFF'
?>

In the above code, the $search and $replace should replace each occurrence in the $subject with the next letter in the alphabet.  The expected output for this sample is 'BCDEF'; however, the actual output is 'FFFFF'.

To more clearly illustrate this, consider the following example:

<?php
$search = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
$replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
$subject = 'A';

echo str_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: 'F'
?>

Since 'A' is the only letter in the $search array that appears in $subject, one would expect the result to be 'B'; however, replacement number $n does *not* operate on $subject, it operates on $subject after the previous $n-1 replacements have been completed.

The following function utilizes array_combine and strtr to produce the expected output, and I believe it is the most efficient way to perform the desired string replacement without prior replacements affecting the final result.

<?php
/**
* When using str_replace(...), values that did not exist in the original string (but were put there by previous
* replacements) will be replaced continuously.  This string replacement function is designed replace the values
* in $search with those in $replace while not factoring in prior replacements.  Note that this function will
* always look for the longest possible match first and then work its way down to individual characters.
*
* The "o" in "stro_replace" represents "original", indicating that the function operates only on the original string.
*
* @param array $search list of strings or characters that need to be replaced
* @param array $replace list of strings or characters that will replace the corresponding values in $search
* @param string $subject the string on which this operation is being performed
*
* @return string $subject with all substrings in the $search array replaced by the values in the $replace array
*/
function stro_replace($search, $replace, $subject)
{
    return strtr( $subject, array_combine($search, $replace) );
}

$search = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
$replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
$subject = 'ABCDE';

echo stro_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: 'BCDEF'
?>

Some other examples:

<?php
$search = array(' ', '&');
$replace = array('&nbsp;', '&amp;');
$subject = 'Hello & goodbye!';

// We want to replace the spaces with &nbsp; and the ampersand with &amp;
echo str_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: "Hello&amp;nbsp&amp;&amp;nbspgoodbye!" - wrong!

echo stro_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: "Hello&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;goodbye!" - correct!

/*
    Note:  Run the above code in the CLI or view source on your web browser - the replacement strings for stro_replace are HTML entities which the browser interprets.
*/
?>

<?php
$search = array('ERICA', 'AMERICA');
$replace = array('JON', 'PHP');
$subject = 'MIKE AND ERICA LIKE AMERICA';

// We want to replace the name "ERICA" with "JON" and the word "AMERICA" with "PHP"
echo str_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: "MIKE AND JON LIKE AMJON", which is not correct

echo stro_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: "MIKE AND JON LIKE PHP", which is correct
?>
nospam at nospam dot com
02-Dec-2008 11:55
Replacement for str_replace in which a multiarray of numerically keyed data can be properly evaluated with the given template without having a search for 11 be mistaken for two 1's next to each other

<?php

function data_template($input, $template) {
  if ($template) { // template string
    if ($split = str_split($template)) { // each char as array member
      foreach ($split as $char) { // each character
        if (is_numeric($char)) { // test for digit
          if ($s != 1) { // new digit sequence
            $i++;
            $s = 1;
          }
          $digits[$i] .= $char; // store digit
        } else { // not a digit
          if ($s != 2) { // new non-digit sequence
            $i++;
            $s = 2;
          }
          $strings[$i] .= $char; // store string
        }
      }
      if ($i && $input && is_array($input)) { // input data
        foreach ($input as $sub) { // each subarray
          if (is_array($sub)) {
            $out = ''; // reset output
            for ($j = 0; $j <= $i; $j++) { // each number/string member
              if ($number = $digits[$j]) { // number
                $out .= $sub[$number]; // add value from subarray to output
              } else { // string
                $out .= $strings[$j]; // add to output
              }
            }
            $a[] = $out;
          }
        }
        return $a;
      } // input
    } // split
  } // template
}

$input = array(array(1=>'yellow', 2=>'banana', 11=>'fruit'), array(1=>'green', 2=>'spinach', 11=>'vegetable'), array(1=>'pink', 2=>'salmon', 11=>'fish'));

print_r (data_template($input, '2: a 1, healthy 11'));

/*
Array
(
    [0] => banana: a yellow, healthy fruit
    [1] => spinach: a green, healthy vegetable
    [2] => salmon: a pink, healthy fish
)
*/

// str_replace would have wanted to output 'banana: a yellow, healthy yellowyellow

?>

Not sure if this will help anyone but I wrote it for my application and thought I would share just in case
nick at NOSPAM dot pitchinteractive dot com
07-Oct-2008 01:12
I tried max at efoxdesigns dot com solution for str_replace_once but it didn't work quite right so I came up with this solution (all params must be strings):

<?php
function str_replace_once($search, $replace, $subject) {
    $firstChar = strpos($subject, $search);
    if($firstChar !== false) {
        $beforeStr = substr($subject,0,$firstChar);
        $afterStr = substr($subject, $firstChar + strlen($search));
        return $beforeStr.$replace.$afterStr;
    } else {
        return $subject;
    }
}
?>
paolo A T doppioclick D O T com
05-Sep-2008 01:15
For PHP 4 < 4.4.5 and PHP 5 < 5.2.1 you may occur (like me) in this bug:

http://www.php-security.org/MOPB/MOPB-39-2007.html
troy at troyonline dot com
23-Jun-2008 07:18
Yet another deep replace function:

<?php
    function str_replace_deep( $search, $replace, $subject)
    {
        $subject = str_replace( $search, $replace, $subject);

        foreach ($subject as &$value)
            is_array( $value) and $value =str_replace_deep( $search, $replace, $value);
           
        return $subject;
    }
?>
David Gimeno i Ayuso (info at sima dot cat)
09-Aug-2007 09:22
With PHP 4.3.1, at least, str_replace works fine when working with single arrays but mess it all with two or more dimension arrays.

<?php
$subject = array("You should eat this","this","and this every day.");
$search  = "this";
$replace = "that";
$new     = str_replace($search, $replace, $subject);

print_r($new); // Array ( [0] => You should eat that [1] => that [2] => and that every day. )

echo "<hr />";

$subject = array(array("first", "You should eat this")
                ,array("second","this")
                ,array("third", "and this every day."));
$search  = "this";
$replace = "that";
$new     = str_replace($search, $replace, $subject);

print_r($new); // Array ( [0] => Array [1] => Array [2] => Array )

?>
tim at hysniu dot com
05-Jun-2007 08:27
I found that having UTF-8 strings in as argument didnt
work for me using heavyraptors function.
Adding UTF-8 as argument on htmlentities
fixed the problem.

cheers, tim at hysniu.com

<?php
function replace_accents($str) {
  $str = htmlentities($str, ENT_COMPAT, "UTF-8");
  $str = preg_replace(
'/&([a-zA-Z])(uml|acute|grave|circ|tilde);/',
'$1',$str);
  return html_entity_decode($str);
}

?>
kole
26-Feb-2007 02:48
My input is MS Excel file but I want to save ‘,’,“,” as ',',",".

    $badchr        = array(
        "\xc2", // prefix 1
        "\x80", // prefix 2
        "\x98", // single quote opening
        "\x99", // single quote closing
        "\x8c", // double quote opening
        "\x9d"  // double quote closing
    );
       
    $goodchr    = array('', '', '\'', '\'', '"', '"');
       
    str_replace($badchr, $goodchr, $strFromExcelFile);

Works for me.
rlee0001 at sbcglobal dot net
16-Feb-2007 09:30
This is a more rigid alternative to spectrereturns at creaturestoke dot com's replace_different function:

<?php

        function str_replace_many ($search, $replacements, $subject) {
            $index = strlen($subject);
            $replacements = array_reverse($replacements);

            if (count($replacements) != substr_count($subject, $search)) {
                return FALSE;
            }

            foreach ($replacements as $replacement) {
                $index = strrpos(substr($subject, 0, $index), $search);
                $prefix = substr($subject, 0, $index);
                $suffix = substr($subject, $index + 1);
                $subject = $prefix . $replacement . $suffix;
            }

            return $subject;
        }
?>

This will return false if there are a different number of $replacements versus number of occurrences of $search in $subject. Additionally, $search much be exactly one character (if a string is provided, only the first character in the string will be used). Examples:

<?php
        echo str_replace_many('?',array('Jane','banana'),'? is eating a ?.');
?>

prints: "Jane is eating a banana."
15-Jan-2007 10:42
Before spending hours searching your application why it makes UTF-8 encoding into some malformed something with str_replace, make sure you save your PHP file in UTF-8 (NO BOM).

This was at least one of my problems.
matt wheaton
30-Mar-2006 05:40
As an effort to remove those Word copy and paste smart quotes, I've found that this works with UTF8 encoded strings (where $text in the following example is UTF8). Also the elipsis and em and en dashes are replaced.

There is an "invisible" character after the †for the right side double smart quote that doesn't seem to display here. It is chr(157).

<?php
  $find[] = '“';  // left side double smart quote
  $find[] = '”';  // right side double smart quote
  $find[] = '‘';  // left side single smart quote
  $find[] = '’';  // right side single smart quote
  $find[] = '…';  // elipsis
  $find[] = '—';  // em dash
  $find[] = '–';  // en dash

  $replace[] = '"';
  $replace[] = '"';
  $replace[] = "'";
  $replace[] = "'";
  $replace[] = "...";
  $replace[] = "-";
  $replace[] = "-";

  $text = str_replace($find, $replace, $text);
?>
David Gimeno i Ayuso (info at sima-pc dot com)
25-Aug-2003 03:12
Take care with order when using arrays in replacement.

<?php
$match=array("ONE","TWO","THREE");
$replace=array("TWO WORDS","MANY LETTERS","OTHER IDEAS");
$sample="ONE SAMPLE";
echo str_replace($match,$replace,$sample);
?>

It will show: "MANY LETTERS WORDS SAMPLE"

That is, after replacing "ONE" with "TWO WORDS", process follows with next array item and it changes "TWO" with "MANY LETTERS".
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str_rot13> <str_repeat
Last updated: Fri, 30 Oct 2009
 
 
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